Sreemangal

It is said the name Sreemangal (or Srimangal) is named after Sri Das and Mangal Das; two brothers who settled on the banks of the Hail Haor. A copper plate of Raja Marundanath from the 11th century was found in Kalapur. During an excavation at Lamua, an ancient statue of Ananta Narayan was dug out. In 1454, the Nirmai Shiva Bari was built and still stands today. Srimangal thana was established in 1912. The central town later became a pourashava in 1935. In 1963, two peasants were killed by police officers which kicked off the Balishira peasant riots. During the Bangladesh Liberation War of 1971, the Pakistani army reached Srimangal on 30 April setting houses on fire and committing atrocities against women. The East Pakistan Rifles camp and Wapda office premises were among the two mass killing sites. Two mass graves remain in Bharaura with a memorial in North Bharaura

The country’s first tea auction centre was set up in Chittagong in 1949 considering the export facilities through the port.

It has been nearly seven decades since then. The auctions now take place on the third floor of the Progressive Tower in Agrabad.

Krishna Pada Chowdhury, secretary of Tea Traders Association of Bangladesh (TTAB), said the auctions were held every Tuesday all the year round.

“As many as 248 tea traders, who are members of TTAB, can purchase tea from the auctions that begin at 8:30am and end at 6:30pm,” he said.

The seven Chittagong-based brokers who conduct auctions are National Brokers, KS Brokers Limited, Produce Brokers Limited, Progressive Brokers Limited, Purba Bangla Brokers, Unity Brokers and Planters Brokers Limited.

“They have their respective agreements with the tea growers. First of all, the tea produced in the gardens is sent to a total of 14 bonded warehouses which are mostly located in Chittagong. Later, the brokers receive samples and taste the tea,” Chowdhury said.

Tea tasting is the process in which a trained taster determines the quality of a particular tea.

“Due to climatic conditions, topography, manufacturing process and different clones of tea plants, the final product may have vastly differing flavours and appearance,” Chowdhury explained.

Then, the brokers prepare catalogues and fix the tentative price of tea. Later, the catalogues and valuation copies are dispatched to all the buyers ahead of the weekly auctions. Then, the traders take part in the auctions and purchase tea. Finally, the tea reaches the retailers and consumers, the TTAB secretary added.

Md Abu Jafar, an official of Unity Brokers, said typically 45 auctions are held a year and the tea sold is mostly bought by domestic buyers.

“In addition to the price of the tea, the buyers have to bear 15% VAT and 1% Advance Income Tax (AIT). On the other hand, the brokers get 1% commission from the tea producers,” he said.

“Besides, the brokers get Tk10 for 100 kg of tea from the buyers. The brokers draw 1.5kg tea as sample from each lot of CTC leaf and 0.80 gram from each lot of dust. Each lot of tea contains 550kg,” Jafar, who has been working with Unity Brokers for last 24 years, explained.

There are three categories and 10 grades of tea – broken, fannings and dust.

According to Bangladesh Tea Board (BTB), there are 162 tea gardens in Bangladesh. Of them, as many as 90 are in Moulvibazar, 23 in Habiganj, 18 in Sylhet, 21 in Chittagong, one in Rangamati and nine in Panchagarh.

With a total of 133 tea estates, Sylhet contributes to 90% of the tea production in Bangladesh.

According to BTB, 67.38 million kg of tea was produced in 2015 while the production rose to 85.05 million kg in 2016. The following year, 78.94 million kg tea was produced in Bangladesh.

TTAB Vice-Chairman Abdul Hai Chowdhury told the Dhaka Tribune that they were considering introduction of online system to reduce hassles in the auctions.

The tea brokers said that the demand for tea usually rose in the country during the winter.

A second tea auction centre was set up in Moulvibazar’s Sreemangal on December 8 last year.